Osteoporosis can be easily detected though a painless procedure called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This test measures the density or strength of the bones known as bone mineral density or BMD.
Why is the test done ?
Osteoporosis means "porous bones". It is a condition in which the bones become weak and brittle, resulting in a greater likelihood of breaking after minor trauma.
It is more common in women after menopause.
Who should do the test ?
Those with a
● Personal history of past fracture as an adult
● History of fracture in an immediate relative (especially mother)
● Low body weight & older age
● Smoke cigarettes
● Heavy alcohol intake
● Early menopause
● Surgical removal of the ovaries before the age of 45 years
● Long-term medication e.g. oral steroids, thyroid medication
● Being bed-bound for a prolonged period due to illness
● Poor health
● Low calcium intake for most of your life (< size="4">
How is the test done ?
There is a quick simple self-assessment tool called the Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) .
OSTA, which is based on age and weight, groups Asian women who have reached menopause into high, moderate or low risk of having osteoporosis.
Take your age ( in years) and subtract your weight ( in kg). If <1,> 20, you are at high risk and should go for a BMD. In between, you should do a BMD if you have any of the above risk factors.
You could measure BMD once a year if you are being followed up for osteoporosis.
Frequency of screening varies from 1-5 years if you have mild decrease in your
bone mass or osteopenia and once in 5 years if your bone mass is normal.
